Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is an essential dietary ingredient for fish, prawn

and shrimp. Fish, prawn and shrimp are unable to biosynthesize Vitamin C.

Vitamin C is essential in prawn and shrimp for disease resistance.

Vitamin C has also been linked to improve immune response,

hormone production, mineral absorption and metabolism,

and plays an important role in shell development and protein metabolism of prawn and shrimp.

Vitamin C has also been shown to help in detoxification of toxins, chemicals, pesticides and drugs.

One of the important functions of ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) entering in the collagen synthesis,

which is an important aspect in muscle development of fish prawn and shrimp.

Deficiency symptoms of Vitamin C:

Fish:

Anorexia, Poor and reduced growth, impaired wound healing, Scoliosis (Bone deformity lateral)

Lordosis (Bone deformity vertical), impaired function of collagen; abnormal cartilage; eye lesions;

Hemorrhagic skin, liver, kidney, intestine and muscle and increased susceptibility

to pathogenic bacterial infection and reduced absorption of calcium from surrounding water.

Deficiency of ascorbic acid in the diet results in metabolic disorders leading to diseases.

Prawn and Shrimp:

Deficiency of ascorbic acid in the diet of prawn and shrimp results in reduced feed intake,

poor conversion of food and protein, high incidence of post-molt deaths, dystrophy of muscle

and hepatopancreas, blackening of gills and in extreme cases black death disease,

whitened or blackened lesions and high rates of mortality.

In prawn and shrimp vitamin C deficiency lead to the inhibition of alkaline

phosphatase activity resulting in poor chitin synthesis and sclerotization of the epicuticle.

powerful antioxidant and immunomodulatory.

Requires in wound healing, bone and tooth formation, strengthening blood vessel walls.

Improving immune system function.

increasing absorption and utilization of iron.

Reduces the effects of toxic chemicals in water

and prevent negative effects of water temperature fluctuations.

Helps in synthesis of carnitine, adrenaline, epinephrine, the neurotransmitter serotonin,

the thyroid hormone thyroxine, bile acids, and steroid hormones.

Regulates the moult phase and helps in quick formation of exoskeleton in shrimps.

The requirement for ascorbic acid is related to stress, growth rate and size of fish,

prawn and shrimp as well as to the other nutrients present in the diet.

General dose:  500 gm /ton feed.

Store in a dry, dark place.

Store in closed packing

AQUA Meal ^® is considered as protein rich animal source commonly used for preparation of poultry

and aqua feed. It is mostly formed from wild fish having abundant bone which are not used

for direct human consumption. The fish landings are approximately 90 million tons

and historically one third is converted into fish meal among these, the largest one is Peru,

second one is China, and third one is Chile. The most important countries are Norway, Iceland

and Denmark which produce fish meal in substantial amount per year. Approximately, 300 plants in the world

are producing 5 million tons fish meal and 1 million ton of oil annually

(. Fish species used for the production of fish meal varies region wise.

The average trade of the world showed 3 to 4 million tones production per year.

Fluctuation in the production and export are directly related to the variations occurred in landing of raw fish

for fish meal production. It was noted that overfishing and lack of fisheries management

also influenced the production of fish meal. Fish meal generally contains 60% to 72% protein, 5% to 12% fats

and 10% to 20% ash. It also contains high amount of fatty acids among them the most common is omega-3 fatty acid.

Fish meal directly influences the efficiency of feed having amino acid, phosphorus and fatty acid.

In addition, production and availability of fish meal greatly influence the running cost of aquaculture sector.

Feed contributes 60% to 80% of the total cost and fish meal is known as its main constituent.

The quality of fish meal protein depends on temperature, processing technique and species used.

About 25% of fish meal comes from the waste of the fish processing sector

and 3.06 million tons of fish meal is consumed in aquaculture sector.

The direct protein source in aqua feed is fish meal.

Combination of essential and non-essential amino acid, minerals, oil and carbohydrate for energy.

Combination of high quality natural protein in feed can only be contributed from fish meal.

Generally, feed is considered as high nutrition value which matches the requirement of sh.

The biological value of feed becomes low with deficit in one or many amino acid.

Fish meal is major and costly component of fish feed and are trying to replace by protein rich plants.

It is observed that plant protein have less number of amino acid and trypsin inhibitors indigestible

carbohydrate, so cannot be replaced totally. About 43% of global fish meal production is utilized by aquaculture sector.

The quality of fish meal improves the fecundity and feed conversion ratio.

Protein components of fish meal differ from 60% to 72% due to species type and method of preparation.

Since, the practical and economic crises for the industry are to produce the constant quality of fish meal from heredity

different species of fish. So, analytical control is necessary for sustainable production of high quality fish meal.

Thus, the present study was planned to evaluate the quality of different types of fish meal producing in the country,

keeping in view that impurities like soil, stone and blood

Meal may affect its quality.

Increases feed efficiency and growth through better food palatability,

and enhances nutrient uptake, digestion, and absorption.

The balanced amino acid composition of AQUA Meal^® complements

and provides synergistic effects with other animal and vegetable proteins in the diet to promote fast growth

and reduce feeding costs.

Fishmeal of high quality provides a balanced amount of all essential amino acids,

phospholipids, and fatty acids for optimum development, growth, and reproduction,

especially of larvae and brood stock.

The nutrients in AQUA Meal^® also aid in disease resistance by boosting

and helping to maintain a healthy functional immune system.

Incorporation of AQUA Meal^® into diets of aquatic animals helps to reduce

pollution from the wastewater effluent by providing greater nutrient digestibility.

10 – 15 kg / per ton feed.

Store in a dry, dark place.

Store in closed packing.

Inhibition of pathogenic Colonization in GIT.

Enhances Immunity

Improved GUT Integrity

علائق الأسماك

زيادة الحيوية و رفع المناعة

زيادة معدلات النمو و التحويل الغذائى

يقلل البكتريا الضارة فى الأمعاء و زيادة البكتريا النافعة

يحسن من معدلا ت النمو

EXTRA YEAST IMPROVES:

– Gastrointestinal integrity and stability

– Immunity and disease resistance

– Nutrient utilization

– Final body weight

طريقة الإستعمال : 1 كجم / طن علف